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About Oregon City courier. (Oregon City, Or.) 1902-1919 | View Entire Issue (May 28, 1914)
S Livestock and Dairy. Facts About Care of Farmers' Feeders and Aids to Greater Milk Production. HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION SILAGE is the main reliance of dairy farmers in many sections for cow feed, since it has been found to be particularly well adapted as feed in this connection. While silage is an excellent feed for dairy stock, it should be combined with, some other leguminous feed, such as clover, eow peas, or alfalfa, owing to its insufficient productive quality. The leguminous material will tend to correct the deficiencies of the silage in dry matter, protein, and mineral constituents. A ration of silage and, say, alfalfa hay alone is satisfactory, however, only for cows which are dry or giving only a small amount of milk and for heifers and bulls. Cows in full milk require some concentrated feed in addition to hay and silage, as they can not consume enough of these feeds to keep up a large flow of milk and maiutain body weight. Experience Is Guide. The amount of silage to food a cow Will depend upon the capacity of the animal to consume feed. Sho should be fed as much as sho will clean up with out waste when consumed along with her hay and grain. Haise or lower the amount until the proper quantity is ascertained. Generally speaking, a good cow should be fed just short of the limit oi her appetite. If she refuses any of her feed it should be reduced at once. The small breeds will eat 25 or 30 pounds per day; the large breeds 40 or more; and the medium-sized ones amounts varying between. Ironclad directions for feeding cows, can not be giveH. In general, however, they should be supplied with all the roughage they will clean up with grain in proportion to buttcrf at produced. - The hay will ordinarily range be tween 5 and 12 pounds per cow per day when fed in connection with silage. For Holsteins 1 pound of concen trates for each 4 pounds of milk pro duced will prove about right. For Jerseys 1 pound for eaeh 3 pounds of milk or less will come near er meeting the requirements. The grain for other breeds will vary between these two according to the quality of milk produced. A good rule is to feed seven times as much grain as there is butterfat pro duced. Buttons found Good, The following rations will bo found good: - For a 1,300-pound eow yielding 40 pounds of milk testing 3.5 per cent: Founds. Silage 40 Clovor, cowpea, or alfalfa hay 10 Grain mixture 10 For the safe cow yielding 20 pounds of 3.5 per cent milk: Pounds. Silage . 40 Clover, cowpea, or alfalfa hay 5 Grain mixture . 5 For a 900-pound eow yielding 30 pounds of 5 per oent milk: Pounds. Silage 30 Clover, cowpea, or alfalfa hay 10 Grain mixture .. 11 For same eow yielding 15 pounds of 5 per eeut milk: Pounds. Silage . 30 Clover, cowpea, or alfalfa hay.. 8 Grain mixture 5 Good Mixture. A good grain mixture to be used in a ration which includes silage and some sort of leguminous hay ia composed of: Parts. Corn chop 4 Wheat bran Z 2 Linseed-oil meal or cottonseed meal.. 1 In ease the hay used ia not of this kind some of the corn chop may be re placed by linseed or cottonseed meal. Ia many instances brewers' dried grains or crushed oata may be profit ably substituted for the bran, and oftentimes gluten products can be used to advantage in place of bran or oil meals. The time to feed silage is directly after milking or at least several hours bufore milking. If fed immediately be fore milking tho silage odors may pass through the cow's body into the milk. Besides, the milk may reeeive some taints directly from the stable air. On Handling Dairy Sire Needs Care John Underwood Gives His Ideas on Methods Necessary to Keep Bull in Order. BY JOHN TTNDEKWOOD. HEN the raising of good dairy cattle is to be taken into con sideration the bull is the better half of the herd. In a majority of cases this animal seems to possess and is disposed to exercise a head of his own and, consequently, needs careful man agement and control from the begin ning of his calfhood. I am not sure but that even beyond this period thought should be given to his ancestry in order to possess a knowledge of the traits of character and disposition likely to be developed in the calf. A vieious ancestry either on the part of the sire or dam will likely sooner or later manifest itself in the young ani mal and in selecting the' one to head the herd this should be carefully guarded against. One special require ment in handling the bull is with refer ence to his early, thrifty growth and proper development. Feed and Care Essential. Good feed and good care are quite essential in order that a decent and well proportioned animal may head the hord and-one that will likely leave a good impress on his posterity. The calf should bo dealt with from the start gently, yet firmly, but never in a teasing or bantering way. He should be taught to be handled quietly, to be easily haltered and led by the time be is a yearling, and a good ring should be put in his nose to aid in his complete control. When old enough for service he should not be allowed to run with the other, cattle, but be kept in a substan tially fenced fiold or lot. The latter is the best, and can be provided in a rea sonably cheap and effective manner. Own Method Told. My own method is to have a lot con sisting of about two acres inclosed with a four-foot wire fence substantially put up on good, well-set posts, the posts extending eight or ten inches about the top wire of the woven fence, which is put on the outside of the posts. On the inside of the posts a barbod wire is placed about six inches abovo the top of the women wire fence, and one also about eight inches below the same. In nearly every case tliij will be a Buficient safegnard against fence throwing or breaking out. The lot is well provided with water and sholter and a strong plank fencing gato pro tected with barbed wire on the inside, which completes the nrrangemont. I find in my own case this kind of in closure sufficient to keep under con trol a vigorous pure-bred Jersey bull of about 1,700 pounds' weight. the other hand, if feeding is done sub sequent to milking, the volatile silage odors will have been thrown off be fore tho next milking hour. Silage is usually fed twice a day. Feed Calves Silage. Calves may be fed silage as soon as they are old enough to eat it. It is perhaps of greater importance that the silage be free from mold or decay when given to ealyes than when given to mature stock. They may be given all the silago they will eat up clean at all times. Yearling calves will consume about one-half as much as mature stock; that is, from 15 to 20 or more pounds a . day. When supplemented with some good leguminous hay, little, if any, gTain will be required to keep the calves in a thrifty, growing condi tion. One of the most trying seasons of the year for the dairy cow is the lat ter part of the summer and early fall. At this season the pastures are often short or dried up, and in such- cases it is a common mistake of dairymen to let their cowb drop off in flow of milk through lack of feed. Later they find it impossible to restore the milk flow, no matter how the cows are fed. Good dairy practice demands that the milk flow be maintained at a high level all the time from parturition to drying off. It becomes necessary, therefore, to sup ply some feed to take the place of the grass. The easiest way to do this is by means of silage. Silage is cheaper and decidedly more convenient to use than soiling crops. The amounts to feed will depend upon the condition of the pastures, varying all the way from 10 pounds to a full winter feed of 40 pounds. It should be remembered in this connec tion that silage contains a low per centage of protein, so that the greater the amount of silage fed the greater must be the amount of protein in the supplementary feeds to properly bal ance the ration. Interest in Wool. A pronounced feature of the wool market at present is the growing strength of fine wool prices. Owing to the tendency to breed mutton types a shortage in fine wool has resulted and the prico is going upward accordingly. It is said there are no large blocks of fine wool available at preswnf The London auctions indicate higher prices for fine wool. Mnltinlvinff the heieht of a wireless aerial by four will give iU wave length approximately. We Make Large Loans Upon Improved City and Farm Properties IN WASHTNGTON AND OREGON Making the Mortgage to secure a number of -Not or Bond of $100. $500 and $1,000 each. The form of the bond and mortfyajje is. so far as possible identical with the small loan where the note and mortfrsBP are assigned to the purchaser We have at present several very attractive issues of such bonds, maturing from 1 to 10 years, netting 7 per cent. Let us tell you about them. 7Mob Furta John Davis P. E. Btrnrt J. B. Patrick V. D. Miner DAVIS & STRUVE BOND CO INVESTMENT BROKERS 807 Second Avenue Seattle DAIRYMEN If you want FEED CHAIN FLOTTB SHINGLES I Can Save You Money Write Me. S. E. GILBERT 201 Washington St., Portland, Oregon BUCK LOSSES SURELY PMVEHTEI by Cutter's fjlarktaf PHrt. Low jirlcftri, fresh. reliable; preferred bj Western stocarami becntiM tfrwi pre- v v jm Het wftr fttHer vtweltr., fall I WLaB to? bookJnt and tatlMrmUli I f 1 m 10-om pfct. Blioklaf Pilk I.M JLJ JLXatf& W-dM B4s. Bitot. U Pitt 4.80 Dm any Injector, but Gutter bmJ 'he Rparloritr of Cutter products It dwt to over U fears of ipeclajffltna frj ve.ee !m antf ttrumt enly, ImM m Cottar'. If unnbttioaLile, order dircrt, THC CUTTER LABORATORY. Berkeley. Cliferl 'yf yj HENNINOEE & 47 First Street, SAVE YOTJH FETJITS AND VEGETABLES FBOM A GLUTTED ' MAfiKET With a Na. tienal Steam . Pressure Can ning Outfit. Writ fox catalogue 14. AYES MFG. 00, Portland, Oregon. WANTED-FARM LAND We have city property to exchange for farm lands Tell n what you have. We will consider livestock, with ot without lauu ill Bitno.iKf wi'oH-rn land for eastern land or city property. SWANK BROTHERS 011 Northwest Building. Main 4190. Portland, Oregon. Write Us for Information on Market Conditions. Dryer, Bollam & Co. General Commission ijerehaiits. 128 Front Street, Portland, Oregon. HIDES ITJHS. WOOL. PELTS. BAO. EIBBABD-STEWAXT OO, Writ t .r pritt- list fti.l afeiDtaf tag. . (Pleas mention this PPf.) Hotel SAVOY SEATTLE "twtlt MwrlM M14 In th center of things thtatmma1 stores on both ltd BuiUUaff aktofeMr teelaadi EoonAR run it rivo i 1 1 i , ' 1 1 Romm $ 1 .00 ! Ur m Bmm with prirat balk 0O "Getting the Last Drop" BJatchford's Calf Meal As good as New Milk at half the Cost 100 pounds makes 100 gallons of Perfect Milk Substitute. Send for pamphlet, "How to Rata Ct , Cheaply and SucoMifutljr Witbmrt MiP-" 1 TVelrri or PACrFIC COAST CONDBNSBD MIIJS CO., Seattle, Waak, '